• spyd3r@sh.itjust.works
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    1 year ago

    Should quit wasting time with this tech that’s always 30 years and many billions of dollars away and focus our efforts on building as many new fission plants as possible.

    • Cosmic Cleric@lemmy.world
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      1 year ago

      Should quit wasting time with this tech that’s always 30 years and many billions of dollars away and focus our efforts on building as many new fission plants as possible.

      Are you aware of how long people were working on flight before the Wright brothers finally got it working?

    • Eufalconimorph@discuss.tchncs.de
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      1 year ago

      It’s the NIF. It’s a hydrogen bomb simulator, it’s not intended to become a power production mechanism. Roughly 0% of their budget involves researching how to turn single fusion explosions at most every few hours into continuous power output.

      Scales great for getting around nuclear test ban treaties though, much quicker to retest than blowing up Pacific islands.

      • Ð Greıt Þu̇mpkin@lemm.ee
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        1 year ago

        That sounds like we just gave a bunch of nerds a videogame where they get to throw nukes at random scenery and then claim they’re doing science by writing down the results.

  • usualsuspect191@lemmy.ca
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    1 year ago

    Firstly, the energy output falls far short of what would be needed for a commercial reactor, barely creating enough to heat a bath. Worse than that, the ratio is calculated using the lasers’ output, but to create that 2.1 megajoules of energy, the lasers draw 500 trillion watts, which is more power than the output of the entire US national grid. So these experiments break even in a very narrow sense of the term.

    It’s so refreshing to see an article at least mention the way these tests are measured are based on the energy just in the laser itself and not the total energy used.

    • FBJimmy@lemmus.org
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      1 year ago

      I agree it’s good that the article is not hyping up the idea that the world will now definitely be saved by fusion and so we can all therefore go on consuming all the energy we want.

      There are still some sloppy things about the article that disappoint me though…

      1. They seem to be implying that 500 TW is obviously much larger than 2.1 MJ… but without knowing how long the 500 TW is required for, this comparison is meaningless.

      2. They imply that using more power than available from the grid is infeasible, but it evidently isn’t as they’ve done it multiple times - presumably by charging up local energy storage and releasing it quickly. Scaling this up is obviously a challenge though.

      3. The weird mix of metric prefixes (mega) and standard numbers (trillions) in a single sentence is a bit triggering - that might just be me though.

        • derphurr@lemmy.world
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          1 year ago

          Huh? Whatchu talkin bout Willis?

          Watt is a Joule per second

          Volts, Amps, kWh, MJ… These are all metric.

            • kbotc@lemmy.world
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              1 year ago

              WE INVENTED IT AND BUH GAWD, WE WILL MEASURE IT IN MURICA UNITS!

              Ignore how nonsensical BTUs are: Gonna shove energy and weight into a single measurement and it changes based on the initial temperature of the water.

                • kbotc@lemmy.world
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                  1 year ago

                  British Thermal Units. It’s the energy needed to heat 1 lb of water 1 degree F.

                  The bad part is that no one bothered to set the starting temp of the water so there’s 5 separate standards for what the hell a BTU actually is, which makes it a really bad standard.

              • derphurr@lemmy.world
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                1 year ago

                Or HVAC uses tons of ice needed to cool something. Euroguys probably don’t have air conditioners, just that tilt window technology.

                I do like the obscure AWG scale especially 0000

            • FBJimmy@lemmus.org
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              1 year ago

              Fun fact: While metric predates our full understanding of electricity, our understanding of electricity played a key role in the definition of the SI units.

              As I understand it, the reason the SI unit for mass is kg not g - making it an outlier to my mind - is so that electical engineers could keep volts and amperes as convenient numbers.

              Long read: https://arxiv.org/abs/1512.07306

          • prettybunnys@sh.itjust.works
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            1 year ago

            In a number of instances where there is not a standard in place already it is not uncommon to see metric measurements mixed with imperial or US customary measurements.

            I’m not in any way shape or form claiming that ALL of it is mixed.

            However what does actually happen is the a unit of measure might be mixed with a customary one and then that becomes the defacto measurement, you may see wire resistance shown as a mix of Ohms/1000ft.

            I am not getting into an argument about the merits of metric, I’m on board, I am with you. That doesn’t mean there aren’t some silly oddballs.

            • ForgotAboutDre@lemmy.world
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              1 year ago

              Is their an imperial equivalent to ohm?

              It might be the case that imperial resistance is ohm the same as metric. Metric uses ohm as it’s constituent with base units of metric, but imperial doesn’t abide by rules like that.

              If you had to make a imperial equivalent to resistance, it would be a fraction of the resistance of the monarchs finger.

              • derphurr@lemmy.world
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                1 year ago

                There’s no non metric electrical units except ohms/1000 ft or cross section dimensions, and AWG (and MCM kilo circular mils kcmils) versus mm^2

                Why US uses awg with reverse scale instead of diameter is insane

                formula: D(AWG) = 0.005·92^((36-AWG)/39) inch

      • 4am@lemm.ee
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        1 year ago

        Exactly. These tests aren’t meant to create a practical solution, but to provide knowledge and insight that a) it is possible and b) exactly what is necessary to make it happen, at a physical level. Before this, it (more out than in) was all theory, but now we’re got some hard data to work with.

        That’s a big step we’ve been chasing for a long, long time.

        • Meowoem@sh.itjust.works
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          1 year ago

          Yeah, and a good sign is that the countries with money to invest in the race all seem to be convinced we’ve got the science right and that the engineering challenges are solvable. There have been so many records broken recently we’re getting towards the end of the mile stones, hopefully soon we’ll start hearing about self sustaining experiments with records for how long they ran

  • Fat Tony@lemmy.world
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    1 year ago

    I thought because of the law of conservation of energy you couldn’t get more energy out of something you put in.

  • wabafee@lemmy.world
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    1 year ago

    We’ll probably be able to harvest solar power from space then beam it to Earth in a practical way first, than nuclear fusion becomes practical.

    • CileTheSane@lemmy.ca
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      1 year ago

      We’ll probably be able to harvest solar power from space then beam it to Earth in a practical way first, than nuclear fusion becomes practical.

      You mean solar panels?

      • TrueStoryBob@lemmy.world
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        1 year ago

        Basically, the idea is to build orbital solar farms (where is always sunny), then beam the energy produced back to the ground with microwave transmitters and ground recievers. It’s technically feasible, unlike fusion we have all the technology needed to do it right now. However, it’s cost and resource prohibitive. The US government studied building such a system in the 1970-80’s after the energy crisis. We could do it, but building it would take a generation to get running and about double the US’s current military annual budget. Launch costs are coming down since then, but the industrialization of space and the moon will take generations and would need to be an international effort to have any chance of success.

    • Rutty@sh.itjust.works
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      1 year ago

      I’m not sure what comment to reply to, but I feel obligated to remind people that the sun is a fusion reaction.

    • KoboldOfArtifice@ttrpg.network
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      1 year ago

      You seem to be implying that fusion is a gimmick of an idea by comparing it to Hyperloop which was nothing but that.

      Fusion is a mechanism which has been providing humanity with energy from the first moments in the form of the sun. It’s a well known functional form of energy generation. The struggle isn’t whether or not it could possibly work, but just to make it practical enough to make it work.

      This isn’t even necessarily about a single company promising that they have an idea that may work, this is an example of it functioning in some capacity.

      Your comparison is simply arbitrary.

    • dangblingus@lemmy.dbzer0.com
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      1 year ago

      It was doomed from the beginning, but it was just meant to delay or supercede the HSR proposal in California. But what does that have to do with this post?

        • HandBreadedTools@lemmy.world
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          1 year ago

          Ehhhh, not really. This is a pretty common belief about the Hyperloop. A couple of years ago, someone released a book claiming they had private interviews with Musk back in the early 2010’s where he admitted to trying to delay HSR. Here’s an article explaining it: https://jalopnik.com/did-musk-propose-hyperloop-to-stop-california-high-spee-1849402460

          The reason this is not conspiratorial thinking is that automakers have a long history in the US of dismantling, lobbying against, and even physically preventing railways from being developed. Elon Musk, especially at that time, was an automaker making claims in order to directly counter proposed high speed rail.

          Yes, it was in California, but the intended reasoning is that if it succeeds in California it may be expanded upon elsewhere, meaning there would be less reliance on cars.

            • HandBreadedTools@lemmy.world
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              1 year ago

              I’m not making the claim myself, just explaining it is a bit different than engaging in what we colloquially understand to be conspiratorial thinking. I would argue it falls under that category in the most broad, objective sense, but I would also argue that the common belief about conspiratorial thinking is that it is when someone believes demonstrably false information.

              The difference is that most conspiratorial thinking is believing something despite overwhelming evidence of the contrary while this situation is believing something despite a lack of conclusive, objective evidence (that being no official statement from Musk or investigation into him about this). There is a lack of overwhelming evidence in support of Musk.

  • TWeaK@lemm.ee
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    1 year ago

    Excluding all the ancillary services, including the lasers that maintained the plasma, which was the principle part of this latest test.

    Factoring everything in, they’re at about 15% return.

    This is still very good for this stage, but the publications are grossly misleading.

    • EchoCT@lemmy.ml
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      1 year ago

      That’s what I came to the comments to find. Thank you. Would have been much bigger news if it was net energy positive.

        • nymwit@lemm.ee
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          1 year ago

          I can’t read the full article (paywalled for me) but it references the National Ignition Facility so the way it goes is super lasers blast a tiny hydrogen thing and that creates a tiny bit of fusion that releases the energy. The energy of the laser blast is what’s being called the input and the fusion energy released the output. What is misleading is that a greater amount of energy was used create the laser blast than the laser blast itself outputs. If you consider the energy that went into creating the laser blast the input (rather than the laser blast itself), then it’s usually not a net positive energy release.

            • nymwit@lemm.ee
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              1 year ago

              [email protected] got it, but basically lasers are pretty inefficient. The article I just found said (in a different run of this facility) they put 400MJ into the laser to get 2.5MJ out of it. So that makes the whole firing system what, 0.6% efficient? Your fusion reaction would have to give more than 400MJ to truly be in the positive for this particular setup/method, but again this facility is a research one and not meant to generate power - there isn’t even a way to harness/collect it here.

              • intensely_human@lemm.ee
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                1 year ago

                Oh so the laser’s generating mostly heat and a little coherent radiation, and they’re only referring to the coherent radiation as the “energy input” to the process.

                Hmm. Kinda sketch.

                Especially because that’s not trivial. If we have no way of obtaining laser light other than that process, and the laser is the only way to feed the fusion reactor, then that’s 100% on the balance books of this process.

            • pixelscript@lemmy.ml
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              1 year ago

              Remember when incandescent light bulbs were the norm? They worked by sending full line voltage through a tiny tungsten wire that would get so hot that it glows, making some light, but 95% of the energy that gets consumed is frittered away as heat? The high-power lasers needed to make fusion happen are a lot like that.

              I believe all this article is saying is that 15% more energy than what came out of the lasers as useful laser light was liberated in the reaction.This completely ignores the energy it took to power those massively inefficient lasers.

              I think it also ignores the fact that the 15% more energy liberated wasn’t actually, like, harnessed by a generator. I believe (and I may be wrong) this was testing only the reaction itself. Actually hooking that up to a turbine and using it to create energy that is cost competitive with contemporary sources is still a completely unsolved problem.

        • Cryophilia@lemmy.world
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          1 year ago

          From another article: “In an experiment on 5 December, the lab’s National Ignition Facility (NIF) fusion reactor generated a power output of 3.15 megajoules from a laser power output of 2.05 megajoules – a gain of around 150 per cent. However, this is far outweighed by the roughly 300 megajoules drawn from the electrical grid to power the lasers in the first place.”

          https://www.newscientist.com/article/2350965-nuclear-fusion-researchers-have-achieved-historic-energy-milestone/

            • alkheemist@aussie.zone
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              1 year ago

              Powering the laser takes 300 MJ but the actual laser power (the energy in the light) is only 2.05 MJ. The rest of the energy is lost to heat and other inefficiencies. If the laser could be created with 100% efficiency then the input energy would also be 2.05 MJ.

            • Resonosity@lemmy.world
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              1 year ago

              Energy can be measured as occurring in different physical phenomena. There is energy in sound waves/packets, energy in light waves/packets, energy in matter, etc.

              The 300 MJ number refers to the electrical energy in the form of electromagnetic fields carried specifically through solid conductors via electron movement along the conductors.

              The 2.05 MJ number refers to the radiative energy in the form of electromagnetic fields sent specifically through free space/a vacuum (I presume; I didn’t read the article, so maybe the laser medium was a vacuum or something else) via photons/waves. No electrons, aside from those in the lasers that create the photons in the first place.

              So there is a conversion from electric to radiative energy here.

              Start Edit:

              And as another commenter said, in this conversion there are losses because materials aren’t perfect.

              :End Edit

              If the 3 MJ radiant energy from the nuclear material was then converted back into electric energy via steam processes, we’d get a comparable number compared to the 300 one.

              This is also why you see nuclear/CSP plants quoted in MWt and MWe: there is a conversion that takes place from thermal energy (vibrations of atoms/compounds) into electric energy.

    • protist@mander.xyz
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      1 year ago

      but the publications are grossly misleading.

      I think you’re only referencing the headline, the article itself clearly states what you said

        • protist@mander.xyz
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          1 year ago

          When one says a publication is grossly misleading, it certainly implies the entire publication

          • Cryophilia@lemmy.world
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            1 year ago

            “article” vs “publication”

            Two different things.

            The link takes you to an article. Publications are in actual scientific journals, not intended for popular consumption.

          • The Snark Urge@lemmy.world
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            1 year ago

            Why have we accepted the standard of misleading headlines? “Oh well you didn’t read the article, I guess you and 90% of eyeballs get to be fundamentally misinformed” is an unhinged take.

            • Cosmic Cleric@lemmy.world
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              1 year ago

              You’re not wrong, but we also should stop excusing, normalizing, and accepting wildly exaggerated for sales purposes titles of articles.

              • intensely_human@lemm.ee
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                1 year ago

                We should stop accepting lies.

                Unless there is some way this reaction actually did produce twice the energy input, it’s not misleading it’s a lie.

        • Socsa@sh.itjust.works
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          1 year ago

          When I see “publication” I assume it’s the actual scientific paper and not the article reporting on said paper.

        • Danksy@lemmy.world
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          1 year ago

          It’s easier to nitpick than it is to interact with the actual argument. The headline is misleading, and I think it devalues the article.

        • Donjuanme@lemmy.world
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          1 year ago

          What was your question? I only read “is the” and thought I could base my response off of only that.

    • Pelicanen@sopuli.xyz
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      1 year ago

      I want to add that experimental reactors used for scientific research might never become net energy positive and that would be fine. Their purpose isn’t to generate profit, it’s to learn more about the physics, so it will be more valuable for them to be adaptable than efficient.

      However, that doesn’t mean that you can’t take a configuration that has been shown to have potential and make a reactor that is more efficient than adaptable and use that to generate power for the electrical grid.

      Basically, they have two different purposes.

      • TWeaK@lemm.ee
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        1 year ago

        Absolutely. Also, the fact that the reactor was only running for a short time plays a part. Usually there is a significant energy cost in starting and stopping, which is offset by running for a long time. However, these reactors are not designed for continued running.

        It’s all a process of development, and even though the article is perhaps a little sensationalist, they’re making good progress.

    • Rakonat@lemmy.world
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      1 year ago

      If anything has been consistent about fusion its always them desperately trying to spin babysteps and monumental leaps forward and trying to make themselves seem super clean and safe especially compared to fission.

      • legofreak@feddit.de
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        1 year ago

        If anything has been consistent about fusion its always them desperately trying to spin babysteps and monumental leaps forward

        That’s usually the media outlets sensationalising the results to the point where the articles are grossly misleading.

        trying to make themselves seem super clean and safe especially compared to fission.

        That’s just a fact, no need to try. The Fusion process is inherently safe the radioactive byproducts are generally short lived and easier to handle.

        • Rakonat@lemmy.world
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          1 year ago

          Fusion is not inherently safe. It has significantly higher rate of neutron discharge for the enegy produced which can damage the reactor vessel and potential to cause nonfuel material to become radioactive.

          Ontop of any power disruption of the system has the potential for radioactive plasma to escape with nothing even remotely equivalent of a SCRAM to bring it back under control.

          The only reason fusion appears safe right now is because its all still developmental phase and any issues are being handwaved as prototyping issues and not treated like the actual potential catastrophes they are.

          • legofreak@feddit.de
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            1 year ago

            The total mass of reactants in the fusion chamber is below milligram, some of which is bound in stable isotopes. Even if all of it escaped, it would be far from catastrophic.
            The reaction itself cannot run away on its own because it requires a delicate balance in temperature and density, which will be immediately disturbed if there was a breach in containment.

            The walls will be activated by neutrons, but short of blowing the reactor up, there’s not much chance of materials escaping in a significant amount to pose a danger.

            • barsoap@lemm.ee
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              1 year ago

              Just for comparison: The nuclear safety requirements of a fusion reactor are ballpark those of the radiology department in your local hospital: An accident will give you, if you’re unlucky, a dose on the order of a dental x-ray. Decommissioning involves letting it sit there for 100years until it has cooled down to ambient radioactivity levels, if you’re cheeky you could send it to a place where the natural radiation levels are higher and declare it cool much faster.

              Why does noone talk about those ludicrously strong magnet fields and gigantic vacuum vessels? You’re standing right next to a massive volume of practically nothing and are worried that something leaks out?

        • intensely_human@lemm.ee
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          1 year ago

          If publications keep misreporting your work, stop talking to them, and see different publications with a stronger commitment to the truth.

  • doctorcrimson@lemmy.world
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    1 year ago

    I saw the headline and thought “In what reality is that newsworthy? That actual seems really low for Fusion Power” and then I saw the actual return was closer to 15% and I thought “Now That is News. That’s incredible how little yield we’re getting from the most destructive force on earth. Should have made that the headline.”

    • AllonzeeLV@lemmy.world
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      1 year ago

      …and accidentally incinerated its home world, as the supply dependant lunar colony could only look on in horror.

      ✨The End✨

      • LarmyOfLone@lemm.ee
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        1 year ago

        I know you’re joking, but nuclear fusion is inherently safe because if it breaks there is no way to sustain a chain reaction. And is only creates mildly radioactive byproducts. So you could blow it up and it wouldn’t seriously contaminate the area.

        • AngryCommieKender@lemmy.world
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          1 year ago

          Technically fission has a similar physical barrier to infinite meltdown. Once the water leaves the core, the reaction stops. It was called China Syndrome, and we wouldn’t have worried about it at all, had the physicist that thought it up been a bit more competent with his math skills. Unfortunately, there are plenty of other ways that the reactors that we currently use can catastrophically fail.

        • Echo Dot@feddit.uk
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          1 year ago

          Not only are the radioactive byproducts not that dangerous (everything is relative of course). But also they have incredibly short half lives so they go away long before the firefighters turned up.

    • Echo Dot@feddit.uk
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      1 year ago

      When they do they should come up with some original quote.

      “The power of the sun in the palm of my hand”, something like that.

      • AngryCommieKender@lemmy.world
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        1 year ago

        At least they won’t be in danger of falling flat on the ground, halfway through their Big Words, due to muscle atrophy, the way every single other “first person on ______” is gonna have

        “That’s one small trip and fall for a human, one giant faceplant for mankind.”