“Indians” don’t merely exist as a cultural concept in spaghetti westerns
But this is a referenced to those, specifically. You can’t make a reference and at the same time capture the plurality, can you?
even if they did, fantastic racism is still racism.
You can argue that western movies are racist, but using them as reference now that they are established culture is different.
Not only not meant to be used as an authority, but also unlikely to settle any dispute you might have about the word.
Sure, but you will have noticed that I first provided my own view and you provided yours - which I disagree with - so if we want to have a conversation, we need to have some fixed points, otherwise it’s impossible to understand each other if words mean different things to the both of us. I didn’t use the dictionary definition to build my argument, I have simply shown how the definition I use is consistent in some aspects (the intent, for example) with a formal definition.
At the same time, I asked explicitly to provide your own, and instead you spent all the time to quote a fairly irrelevant (in this context) passage, without ultimately showing why I should accept your definition that to me seems completely arbitrary, way too vague and generic.
So let’s just sit in this pit of ambiguity, in which anything can be anything, if you are creative enough.
This tutorial reviews the built-in systems that undermine life opportunities and outcomes by racial category, with a focus on challenges to Black Americans.
(and more). The focus seems to be very strongly on American culture, and on institutional racism against black people in America.
Then I read:
Unconscious inferences, empirically established from perceptions onward, demonstrate non-Black Americans’ inbuilt associations: pairing Black Americans with negative valences, criminal stereotypes, and low status, including animal rather than human. Implicit racial biases (improving only slightly over time) imbed within non-Black individuals’ systems of racialized beliefs, judgments, and affect that predict racialized behavior.
Considering that in this case there is no association of any characteristic with the race, it doesn’t concern American culture nor black people, I am struggling to adapt this point of view to the case being discussed.
Replace black, and America, with African refugees, and Italy, or whatever. Just because it uses this particular instance as the example, does not mean that it doesn’t apply to systems of power everywhere. This is specifically how it went down in the US. However this template of behavior can be seen everywhere. If you read the whole thing you will find that it is discussing how a society’s majority, that is in control (a population minority can be the ones for whom the system is built, so it is those in the majority of positions of power, that matter), builds its structures, and, consciously or not, this negatively impacts minorities within their borders, as it selects a preferential treatment of the majority demographic of it’s power structure.
But this is a referenced to those, specifically. You can’t make a reference and at the same time capture the plurality, can you?
You can argue that western movies are racist, but using them as reference now that they are established culture is different.
Sure, but you will have noticed that I first provided my own view and you provided yours - which I disagree with - so if we want to have a conversation, we need to have some fixed points, otherwise it’s impossible to understand each other if words mean different things to the both of us. I didn’t use the dictionary definition to build my argument, I have simply shown how the definition I use is consistent in some aspects (the intent, for example) with a formal definition.
At the same time, I asked explicitly to provide your own, and instead you spent all the time to quote a fairly irrelevant (in this context) passage, without ultimately showing why I should accept your definition that to me seems completely arbitrary, way too vague and generic.
So let’s just sit in this pit of ambiguity, in which anything can be anything, if you are creative enough.
Here is the fixed point they are arguing from, from an academic source, with a dive into the cognitive nature of it.
https://cognitiveresearchjournal.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s41235-021-00349-3
Thanks, I don’t have the time to read it all.
I checked the abstract and I read:
(and more). The focus seems to be very strongly on American culture, and on institutional racism against black people in America.
Then I read:
Considering that in this case there is no association of any characteristic with the race, it doesn’t concern American culture nor black people, I am struggling to adapt this point of view to the case being discussed.
Replace black, and America, with African refugees, and Italy, or whatever. Just because it uses this particular instance as the example, does not mean that it doesn’t apply to systems of power everywhere. This is specifically how it went down in the US. However this template of behavior can be seen everywhere. If you read the whole thing you will find that it is discussing how a society’s majority, that is in control (a population minority can be the ones for whom the system is built, so it is those in the majority of positions of power, that matter), builds its structures, and, consciously or not, this negatively impacts minorities within their borders, as it selects a preferential treatment of the majority demographic of it’s power structure.